In Cubase we have.....
The Key Editor....this is the piano roll, there are various quantization options, controller lanes for drawing in MIDI Control Change messages, Step Input for programing in notes with the MIDI keyboard as opposed to playing or drawing them in with the mouse.
The Drum Editor....is much like the Key Editor but specifically laid out for drums, it allows you to name notes by their drum sound and change the input note to trigger a different output note so you can set up your keyboard how you want, you can also assign other values to individual drum sounds.....all these settings can be saved and loaded as Drum Maps, for example when I use BFD I load up the BFD Drum Map and everything is all mapped out for me.
The List Editor......lists MIDI events so you can see detailed information such as event times, event type, all the bits and bytes of System Exclusive messages, shit like that, it allows you to see what's going on in great detail like if I move a knob on some MIDI hardware such as a controller keyboard it will tell me exactly what messages that knob is sending but more importantly it allows you to make precise edits by punching in values.
The Logical Editor.....basically it's a programing editor where you can write a program to modify MIDI data, for example you could program a change to the velocity of every 7th note while changing all A notes to C notes etc, which saves a lot of mousing around, you can also use it to do Arpeggios and shit like that instead of using the more basic MIDI effects.
The Score Editor......well that's for making fancy pictures of birds sitting on power lines isn't it? it too is a MIDI editor.
The MIDI Device Panel Editor.....that's for creating custom editors for MIDI hardware, for example I made a very popular editor for the Behringer V-Verb REV2496 which allows people to edit every single parameter of the hardware on screen as though it is a VST, it's kind of the main reason why I never gave up on using my hardware, by that I mean I wasn't getting up out of my chair to go and hunch over some tiny LCD screen to dive through menus like those whose DAWs lacked the functionality.
The Remote Control Device Editor......that allows you to set up and map out MIDI controllers to Cubase, be it HUI or some generic controller you want to use to control the mixer etc.
Then there is stuff like MIDI effects and various processing options, reverse this, quantize that, redraw the automation curve to look like a silhouette of Nicki Minaj taken from some obscene angle.